Mount Chase was first settled in 1829 by Thomas Fowler, who built a farm with his family. Mount Chase is the Abenaki word for 'this place is admirable'. Mount Chase began as a mill town to serve the needs of the Great Northern Paper Company, one of the leading paper manufactureres in the US.
Famous New Hampshire writer and naturalist Henry David Thoreau visited this region of Maine in 1846 during an excursion into the Maine wilderness. His writes about the Mount Chase area in his book "The Maine Woods".