Named for the large amount of limestone found in the area, Limestone was settled by General Mark Trafton in 1869.
- From The Names of Maine by Brian McCauley.
The Aroostook National Wildlife Reuge is partially located in Limestone. This refuge administers more than 2,400 wetland conservation easements throughout Aroostook County.
The US Air Force once operated a base in Limestone called Loring AF Base. The fomer base is now home to the Loring Commerce Center. Limestone is also home to The Maine School of Science and Mathmatics - a residential charter high school that specializes in math and science education.
Notable residents of Limestone include; F. Bowman Hastie III, a writer, publicist and manager/owner of canine artist Tillamook Cheddar (Tillie). Tillie, a Jack Russell terrier dog, is perhaps the world's most widely shown and successful living animal painters. Tillie's paintings have been on exhibit throughout the United States as well as in Belgium, the Netherlands, and Bermuda. Her paintings have sold for more then $2,000.